An experimental investigation of liquid immersion cooling of a four cell lithium-ion battery module
![Thumbnail](/themes/edepositireland/images/white_rectangle.jpeg)
File Type:
PDFItem Type:
Journal ArticleDate:
2024Author:
Access:
openAccessCitation:
Williams, N.P., Trimble, D., O'Shaughnessy, S.M., An experimental investigation of liquid immersion cooling of a four cell lithium-ion battery module, Journal of Energy Storage, 86, 2024Download Item:
Abstract:
The thermal management of a lithium-ion battery module subjected to direct contact liquid immersion cooling
conditions is experimentally investigated in this study. Four 2.5 Ah 26650 LiFePO4 cylindrical cells in a square
arrangement and connected electrically in parallel are completely immersed in the dielectric fluid Novec 7000.
The thermal and electrical behaviour of the module is assessed at charging and discharging rates of 1C to 4C.
Experiments are conducted with initially ambient temperature liquid, resulting in single phase natural convec-
tion cooling, as well as preheated liquid temperatures of 33 ◦C ± 0.5 ◦C to study the influence of the phase
change process under pool boiling conditions. Superior performance is observed when two-phase immersion
cooling conditions are established for discharge rates of 2C and above, limiting the average cell temperature rise
to 1.9 ◦C at the end of 4C discharge, corresponding to a maximum temperature of 34.7 ◦ C. For the most onerous
charging rate of 4C, considered fast charging, this maximum temperature rise is limited to 1.3 ◦C, corresponding
to a maximum temperature of 35 ◦C. Vigorous boiling is observed from the cells’ electrodes, leading to more
effective heat transfer from the locations of high heat flux. Excellent module thermal homogeneity is exhibited,
maintaining a maximum temperature difference of 1.2 ◦C for all cases investigated. The axial temperature
gradients of the module’s individual cells are also greatly reduced under two-phase conditions. The influence of
cell spacing within the module is also investigated for inter-cell spacings of 0.25D and 1D, where D is the cell
diameter. Marginally improved heat transfer performance is observed for the more closely spaced cell ar-
rangements, reducing the maximum cell temperatures and thermal inhomogeneity within the module.
Author's Homepage:
http://people.tcd.ie/oshaugseDescription:
PUBLISHED
Author: O'Shaughnessy, Seamus
Type of material:
Journal ArticleSeries/Report no:
Journal of Energy Storage;86;
Availability:
Full text availableKeywords:
Immersion cooling, Two-phase cooling, Electric vehicles, Fast charging, Dielectric liquid, Battery thermal managementDOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2024.111289Metadata
Show full item recordLicences: