Biochemistry (Scholarly Publications)
Recent Submissions
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4-Octyl itaconate reduces influenza A replication by targeting the nuclear export protein CRM1
(2023)In recent years, especially since the outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic, the cell-permeable itaconate derivative 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI) has gained traction as a potential antiviral ... -
The metabolic function of pyruvate kinase M2 regulates reactive oxygen species production and microbial killing by neutrophils
(2023)Neutrophils rely predominantly on glycolytic metabolism for their biological functions, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Although pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is a glycolytic enzyme known to be involved in ... -
Characterization and inhibition of inflammasome responses in severe and non-severe asthma
(2023)Background: Increased airway NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated IL-1β responses may underpin severe neutrophilic asthma. However, whether increased inflammasome activation is unique to severe asthma, is a common feature of immune ... -
C5aR2 Regulates STING-Mediated Interferon Beta Production in Human Macrophages
(2023)The complement system mediates diverse regulatory immunological functions. C5aR2, an enigmatic receptor for anaphylatoxin C5a, has been shown to modulate PRR-dependent pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in human macrophages. ... -
Unlocking potential: the role of the electron transport chain in immunometabolism
(2024)The electron transport chain (ETC) couples electron transfer with proton pumping to generate ATP and it also regulates particular innate and adaptive immune cell function. While NLRP3 inflammasome activation was initially ... -
From periphery to center stage: 50 years of advancements in innate immunity
(2024)Over the past 50 years in the field of immunology, something of a Copernican revolution has happened. For a long time, immunologists were mainly concerned with what is termed adaptive immunity, which involves the exquisitely ... -
Metabolic regulation of type I interferon production
(2024)Over the past decade, there has been a surge in discoveries of how metabolic path- ways regulate immune cell function in health and disease, establishing the field of immunometabolism. Specifically, pathways such as ... -
4-Octyl Itaconate and Dimethyl Fumarate Induce Secretion of the Anti-Inflammatory Protein Annexin A1 via NRF2
(2023)Annexin A1 is a key anti-inflammatory effector protein that is involved in the anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids. 4-Octyl itaconate (4-OI), a derivative of the endogenous metabolite itaconate, which is abundantly ... -
NLRP3, the inflammasome and COVID-19 infection
(2023)Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by respiratory failure, shock or multiorgan dysfunction, often accompanied by systemic hyperinflammation and dysregulated cytokine release. These features are ... -
Immunometabolism at the crossroads of obesity and cancer - a Keystone Symposia report
(2023)Immunometabolism considers the relationship between metabolism and immunity. Typically, researchers focus on either the metabolic pathways within immune cells that affect their function or the impact of immune cells on ... -
An Emerging Role for Type I Interferons as Critical Regulators of Blood Coagulation
(2023)Type I interferons (IFNs) are central mediators of anti-viral and anti-bacterial host defence. Detection of microbes by innate immune cells via pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), including Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and ... -
The human adaptor SARM negatively regulates adaptor protein TRIF-dependent Toll-like receptor signaling
(2006)Toll-like receptors discriminate between different pathogen-associated molecules and activate signaling cascades that lead to immune responses. The specificity of Toll-like receptor signaling occurs by means of adaptor ... -
Publisher Correction: Dimethyl fumarate and 4-octyl itaconate are anticoagulants that suppress Tissue Factor in macrophages via inhibition of Type I Interferon (Nature Communications, (2023), 14, 1, (3513), 10.1038/s41467-023-39174-1)
(2023)The original version of this Article contained an error in the spelling of the surname for the author Luke A J O’Neill, which was incorrectly given as ‘O’ Neill’ with an additional space. This has now been corrected in ... -
Dimethyl fumarate and 4-octyl itaconate are anticoagulants that suppress Tissue Factor in macrophages via inhibition of Type I Interferon
(2023)Excessive inflammation-associated coagulation is a feature of infectious diseases, occurring in such conditions as bacterial sepsis and COVID-19. It can lead to disseminated intravascular coagulation, one of the leading ... -
Intranasal COVID-19 vaccine induces respiratory memory T cells and protects K18-hACE mice against SARS-CoV-2 infection
(2023)Current COVID-19 vaccines prevent severe disease, but do not induce mucosal immunity or prevent infection with SARS-CoV-2, especially with recent variants. Furthermore, serum antibody responses wane soon after immunization. ... -
Nasal vaccines for pertussis
(2023)Whooping cough, caused by Bordetella pertussis, is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Current acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines induce potent circulating IgG and prevent severe disease in children/adults ... -
Modulation of haematopoiesis by protozoal and helminth parasites
(2023)During inflammation, haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the bone marrow (BM) and periphery rapidly expand and preferentially differentiate into myeloid cells that mediate innate immune responses. HSCs can be directed into ... -
Bystander activation of Bordetella pertussis-induced nasal tissue-resident memory CD4 T cells confers heterologous immunity to Klebsiella pneumoniae
(2023)Tissue-resident memory CD4 T (TRM) cells induced by infection with Bordetella pertussis persist in respiratory tissues and confer long-term protective immunity against reinfection. However, it is not clear how they are ... -
IL-17 and IL-17-producing cells in protection versus pathology
(2023)IL-17 cytokine family members have diverse biological functions, promoting protective immunity against many pathogens but also driving inflammatory pathology during infection and autoimmunity. IL-17A and IL-17F are produced ... -
PYHIN protein IFI207 regulates cytokine transcription and IRF7 and contributes to the establishment of K. pneumoniae infection
(2023)PYHIN proteins AIM2 and IFI204 sense pathogen DNA, while other PYHINs have been shown to regulate host gene expression through as-yet unclear mechanisms. We characterize mouse PYHIN IFI207, which we find is not involved ...