School of Biochemistry & Immunology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 121-140 of 1067
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Inhibition of the IFN-α JAK/STAT Pathway by MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-1 Proteins in Human Epithelial Cells
(2022)Coronaviruses (CoVs) have caused several global outbreaks with relatively high mortality rates, including Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS)-CoV, which emerged in 2012, and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ... -
An overview of current knowledge of deadly covs and their interface with innate immunity
(2021)Coronaviruses are a large family of zoonotic RNA viruses, whose infection can lead to mild or lethal respiratory tract disease. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-1 (SARS-CoV-1) first emerged in Guangdong, China ... -
The high prevalence of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection reveals the silent spread of COVID-19
(2021)The COVID-19 pandemic has led to over 92 million cases and 1.9 million deaths worldwide since its outbreak. Public health responses have focused on identifying symptomatic individuals to halt spread. However, evidence ... -
Neutrophils: Need for Standardized Nomenclature
(2021)Neutrophils are the most abundant innate immune cell with critical anti-microbial functions. Since the discovery of granulocytes at the end of the nineteenth century, the cells have been given many names including phagocytes, ... -
Unravelling the immunomodulatory effects of viral ion channels, towards the treatment of disease
(2021)The current COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for the research community to develop a better understanding of viruses, in particular their modes of infection and replicative lifecycles, to aid in the development ... -
Vaccine trials during a pandemic: potential approaches to ethical dilemmas
(2021)Ever since the emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), global public health infrastructures and systems, along with community-wide collaboration and service, have risen to an unprecedented challenge. ... -
Myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen controls the pathogen-stimulated type I interferon cascade in human monocytes by transcriptional regulation of IRF7.
(2022)Type I interferons (IFNs) are critical for anti-viral responses, and also drive autoimmunity when dysregulated. Upon viral sensing, monocytes elicit a sequential cascade of IFNβ and IFNα production involving feedback ... -
Malaria parasites both repress host CXCL10 and use it as a cue for growth acceleration
(2021)Pathogens are thought to use host molecular cues to control when to initiate life-cycle transitions, but these signals are mostly unknown, particularly for the parasitic disease malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. ... -
Detection of Viral Infections by Innate Immunity
(2021)Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and inflammasomes are a key part of the anti-viral innate immune system as they detect conserved viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). A successful host response to viral ... -
Investigating a role for members of the respiratory tract microbiota in Th17 cell pathogenicity and CNS autoimmunity
(Trinity College Dublin. School of Biochemistry & Immunology. Discipline of Biochemistry, 2022)The respiratory tract is home to a diverse microbial community whose influence on local and systemic immune responses is only beginning to be appreciated. Increasing reports have linked the airways with the trafficking ... -
Gone or Misplaced?: Investigation of Memory Engrams Across Development
(Trinity College Dublin. School of Biochemistry & Immunology. Discipline of Biochemistry, 2022)All humans experience amnesia. While about 30% of adults who live to be over 65 will suffer from dementia, 100% of the human population experiences infantile amnesia, which is the loss of memories formed in early childhood ... -
Sestrin family - the stem controlling healthy ageing
(2020)Sestrins are a family of stress-responsive antioxidant proteins responsible for regulation of cell viability and metabolism. The best known Sestrin targets are mTORC1 and mTORC2 kinases that control different cellular ... -
Delirium
(2020)Delirium, a syndrome characterized by an acute change in attention, awareness and cognition, is caused by a medical condition that cannot be better explained by a pre-existing neurocognitive disorder. Multiple predisposing ... -
Reactive astrocyte nomenclature, definitions, and future directions
(2021)Reactive astrocytes are astrocytes undergoing morphological, molecular, and functional remodeling in response to injury, disease, or infection of the CNS. Although this remodeling was first described over a century ago, ... -
Acute neuroinflammation, sickness behavior and working memory responses to acute systemic LPS challenge following noradrenergic lesion in mice
(2021)Locus coeruleus (LC)-derived noradrenaline is important in cognition and decreases with age, but the impact of prior noradrenaline deficiency on vulnerability to inflammation-induced acute cognitive dysfunction is ... -
Acute Inflammation Alters Brain Energy Metabolism in Mice and Humans: Role in Suppressed Spontaneous Activity, Impaired Cognition, and Delirium
(2020)Systemic infection triggers a spectrum of metabolic and behavioral changes, collectively termed sickness behavior, which while adaptive, can affect mood and cognition. In vulnerable individuals, acute illness can also ... -
Double stranded RNA drives anti-viral innate immune responses, sickness behavior and cognitive dysfunction dependent on dsRNA length, IFNAR1 expression and age
(2021)Double stranded RNA is generated during viral replication. The synthetic analogue poly I:C is frequently used to mimic anti-viral innate immune responses in models of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders ... -
Acute systemic inflammation exacerbates neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: IL-1?? drives amplified responses in primed astrocytes and neuronal network dysfunction
(2021)Neuroinflammation contributes to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression. Secondary inflammatory insults trigger delirium and can accelerate cognitive decline. Individual cellular contributors to this vulnerability require ... -
Macrophages in the cochlea; an immunological link between risk factors and progressive hearing loss
(2022)Macrophages are abundant in the cochlea; however, their role in hearing loss is not well understood. Insults to the cochlea, such as noise or insertion of a cochlear implant, cause an inflammatory response, which includes ...
