Biochemistry (Scholarly Publications): Recent submissions
Now showing items 461-480 of 734
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Sensing and Signaling in Antiviral Innate Immunity
(2010)Viruses are detected by the innate immune system, leading to the initiation of the anti-viral immune response via the production of type I interferons and inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1. Remarkable progress ... -
Activation of host pattern recognition receptors by viruses
(2010)Viral recognition by the host innate immune system has become an exciting and growing area of research focus in recent years. It is now apparent that multiple pattern recognition receptor (PRR) families, including Toll-like ... -
TRAF3: Uncovering the Real but Restricted Role in Human
(2010)In this issue of Immunity, Perez de Diego et al. (2010) report a primary human immune deficiency involving a TRAF protein, and show that human immunity to the virus HSV-1 is critically dependent on TRAF3. -
Unexpected roles for DEAD-box protein 3 in viral RNA sensing pathways
(2010)Detection of viral nucleic acid within infected cells is essential to an effective antiviral response. The retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLR) form part of the virus detection repertoire and are ... -
The Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Mycobacterial p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid Derivatives (p-HBADs)
(2014)Mycobacterium tuberculosis establishes chronic infection and causes disease through manipulation of the host's innate and adaptive immune response. The bacterial cell wall is highly complex and contains a rich variety of ... -
Distinct Mechanisms for Induction and Tolerance Regulate the Immediate Early Genes Encoding Interleukin 1β and Tumor Necrosis Factor α
(2013)Interleukin-1? and Tumor Necrosis Factor ? play related, but distinct, roles in immunity and disease. Our study revealed major mechanistic distinctions in the Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling-dependent induction for the ... -
Succinate: a metabolic signal in inflammation
(2013)Succinate is an intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and plays a crucial role in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation in mitochondria. Recently, new roles for succinate outside metabolism have emerged. ... -
Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Mediates the Synergistic Signalling between TLR9 and the B Cell Receptor by Regulating Calcium and Calmodulin
(2013)B cells signal through both the B cell receptor (BCR) which binds antigens and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) including TLR9 which recognises CpG DNA. Activation of TLR9 synergises with BCR signalling when the BCR and TLR9 ... -
Interleukin-1 and IL-23 induce innate IL-17 production from gammadelta T cells, amplifying Th17 responses and autoimmunity.
(2009)Th17 cells, CD4(+) T cells that secrete interleukin-17 (IL-17), are pathogenic in autoimmune diseases and their development and expansion is driven by the cytokines IL-6, TGF-beta, IL-21, IL-1, and IL-23. However, there ... -
IFI16 is an innate immune sensor for intracellular DNA
(2010)The detection of intracellular microbial DNA is critical to appropriate innate immune responses; however, knowledge of how such DNA is sensed is limited. Here we identify IFI16, a PYHIN protein, as an intracellular DNA ... -
A Systematic Analysis of the Peripheral and CNS Effects of Systemic LPS, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and IL-6 Challenges in C57BL/6 Mice.
(2013)It is increasingly clear that systemic inflammation has both adaptive and deleterious effects on the brain. However, detailed comparisons of brain effects of systemic challenges with different pro-inflammatory cytokines ... -
Regulation of glucose metabolism in T cells: new insight into the role of phosphoinositide 3-kinases
(Frontiers in Immunology, 2012)Nai?ve T cells are relatively quiescent cells that only require energy to prevent atrophy and for survival and migration. However, in response to developmental or extrinsic cues T cells can engage in rapid growth and robust ... -
Granzyme B-dependent proteolysis acts as a switch to enhance the pro-inflammatory activity of IL-1
(2011)Granzyme B is a cytotoxic lymphocyte-derived protease that plays a central role in promoting apoptosis of virus-infected target cells, through direct proteolysis and activation of constituents of the cell death machinery. ... -
Both TLR2 and TRIF contribute to interferon-? production during Listeria infection.
(2012)Synthesis of interferon-? (IFN-?) is an innate response to cytoplasmic infection with bacterial pathogens. Our recent studies showed that Listeria monocytogenes limits immune detection and IFN-? synthesis via deacetylation ... -
Blockade of Toll-like receptor 2 prevents spontaneous cytokine release from rheumatoid arthritis ex vivo synovial explant cultures.
(2011)Introduction: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of blocking Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial cells. Methods: RA synovial tissue biopsies, obtained under direct visualization ... -
Conjugated linoleic acid suppresses IRF3 activation via modulation of CD14.
(2013)Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) can modulate the immune response, however the mechanism by which they exert this effect remains unclear. Previous studies have clearly demonstrated that the cis-9, trans-11 isomer of ... -
Poxvirus Targeting of E3 Ligase ?-TrCP by Molecular Mimicry: A Mechanism to Inhibit NF-?B Activation and Promote Immune Evasion and Virulence.
(2013)The transcription factor NF-?B is essential for immune responses against pathogens and its activation requires the phosphorylation, ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of I?B?. Here we describe an inhibitor of NF-?B ... -
Neuronal toll-like receptor 4 signaling induces brain endothelial activation and neutrophil transmigration in vitro.
(2012)Background: The innate immune response in the brain is initiated by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS) or danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPS) produced in response to central nervous system (CNS) infection ... -
Relative Contribution of Th1 and Th17 Cells in Adaptive Immunity to Bordetella pertussis: Towards the Rational Design of an Improved Acellular Pertussis Vaccine.
(2013)Whooping cough caused by Bordetella pertussis is a re-emerging infectious disease despite the introduction of safer acellular pertussis vaccines (Pa). One explanation for this is that Pa are less protective than the ... -
Mapping the interactions between a RUN domain from DENND5/Rab6IP1 and sorting nexin 1.
(2012)Eukaryotic cells have developed a diverse repertoire of Rab GTPases to regulate vesicle trafficking pathways. Together with their effector proteins, Rabs mediate various aspects of vesicle formation, tethering, docking ...
