School of Biochemistry & Immunology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 281-300 of 1067
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The mechanism of action of particulate vaccine adjuvants
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Biochemistry and Immunology, 2010)Particulate vaccine adjuvants (PVA) have been used in vaccines both experimentally and clinically for almost a century. However, the mechanisms by which adjuvants, such as alum and poly lactide-co-glycolide (PLG) ... -
Dendritic cell mediated mucosal cross talk
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Biochemistry and Immunology, 2013)Developing efficacious vaccines against enteric diseases is a global challenge and priority. The rational design of such vaccines requires that novel pathways of cellular recruitment to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract be ... -
Biological roles of semicarbazide sensitive amine oxidase
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Biochemistry and Immunology, 2009)SSAO is a multifunctional protein that catalyses the oxidative deamination of primary amines, according to the overall reaction RCH2NH2 + O2 + H2O -» RCHO + NH3 + H2O2. In this work, some of the recognised physiological ... -
Regulation of innate and adaptive immunity by the vaccine adjuvant alum
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Biochemistry and Immunology, 2013)While many licensed vaccines consist of whole or inactivated pathogens, there is a move toward vaccines based on purified antigens which although safer are generally less immunogenic and therefore require adjuvants to ... -
Investigation of the manipulation of phagocytes by Staphylococcus aureus
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Biochemistry and Immunology, 2015)The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) heralds the advent of a "post-antibiotic era" that urgently necessitates the development of novel treatment methods such as vaccines and ... -
Investigating the role of inflammatory caspases during disease-associated inflammation
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Biochemistry and Immunology, 2015)Caspases are a group of proteolytic enzymes involved in the co-ordination of cellular processes such as inflammation and apoptosis. Functional mechanisms surrounding the activation and signalling pathways mediated by ... -
Structural basis for antagonism of innate immunity by poxvirus
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Biochemistry and Immunology, 2011)Vaccinia virus encodes many proteins that antagonize our innate immune system. It has been shown that some of them adopt a Bcl-2 like fold in spite of a lack of sequence identities to the Bcl-2 superfamily. Unlike viral ... -
A study of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol phospholipase C in Trypanosoma brucei
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Biochemistry and Immunology, 2013)Trypanosoma brucei represents a clade of flagellated parasites that cause human and animal trypanosomiases in sub-Saharan Africa. The glycosylphosphatidylinositol phospholipase C (GPI-PLC) is an endogenous enzyme that has ... -
An investigation of the link between the bacterial derived queuine molecule and tyrosine production
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Biochemistry and Immunology, 2011)Queuine, a dietary derived 7-deazaguanine molecule, has previously been shown to prevent lethality and other symptoms in germ-free mice that were maintained on a tyrosine-free diet. This work suggested a link between queuine ... -
Structural and functional studies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAOI Lysine Specific Permease (LysP)
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Biochemistry and Immunology, 2013)The means by which substrates are shuttled across prokaryotic membranes by membrane transporters and the conformational changes involved are unique to each transporter. To decipher the underlying mechanism of substrate ... -
Modulation of innate immunity by the vaccinia virus protein K7 and its target DDX3
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Biochemistry and Immunology, 2010)Vaccinia virus (VACV) has many mechanisms to subvert and modulate the host immune response. One well characterised VACV protein that does this is A52. K7 was found from a search of the VACV genome looking for genes with ... -
A role for type 111 interferons in the natural killer cell immune response to virus
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Biochemistry and Immunology, 2012)Natural Killer (NK) cells are fundamental effector cells of the innate immune system that function to eliminate virally infected and transformed cells. One key way in which they do this is through the production of cytokines, ... -
Chitosan based adjuvants promote proinflammatory Th1 and Th17 responses
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Biochemistry and Immunology, 2012)Particulate vaccine adjuvants, including alum and biodegradable polymer microparticles, are strong activators of antigen-specific humoral immunity. These particulates enhance NLRP3 inflammasome activation, but they are ... -
Investigation of the oxidative folding pathway in Trypanosoma brucei
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Biochemistry and Immunology, 2013)In eukaryotic organisms the native structure of proteins destined to be secreted, such as immunoglobulins, or mounted surface proteins rely on the formation of disulphide bridges between cysteine residues for structural ... -
Structural studies of myxoma virus antagonists of innate immunity
(Trinity College Dublin. School of Biochemistry & Immunology. Discipline of Biochemistry, 2019)Viral evasion of the host immune system is achieved via antagonism of antiviral signalling pathways by the expression of immunomodulating proteins. Vaccinia virus protein C7 and its homologues function as determinants ... -
Novel Peroxisome Proliferating Activated Receptor (PPAR) modulator drug discovery : consensus virtual screening and characterisation of biochemcial and pharmacological activities
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Biochemistry and Immunology, 2012)Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand activated transcription factors that form a subfamily of the nuclear receptor superfamily. PPARs form heterodimers with the 9-cis-retinoic acid receptor (RXR) ... -
Structural and functional characterisation of a novel bovine β-defensin gene cluster
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Biochemistry and Immunology, 2013)Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been characterised by their ability to neutralise pathogens directly by disrupting their membranes. Recently described roles for these peptides include chemotactic activity, wound healing ... -
Polymorphisms in members of the Toll-like receptor signalling pathway and their role in infectious disease
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Biochemistry and Immunology, 2009)Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in mediating the host's response to invading pathogens. In humans, they comprise of a family of ten pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) located on innate immune cells. ... -
An investigation of the physiological and pathological role of uncoupling proteins
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Biochemistry and Immunology, 2012)Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are found in numerous different tissues and have been associated with many physiological and pathological conditions. After decades of research on uncoupling proteins, there is still only a modest ... -
Nutrient availability regulates Dendritic cell metabolism and function to modulate T cell responses
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). School of Biochemistry and Immunology, 2015)An emerging view in the field of immunometabolism is that cellular metabolism has a role that extends beyond simply allowing the cell to meet energy and biosynthetic demands, and represents a fundamental physiological ...
