Host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) detect viruses and other pathogens, inducing production of cytokines that cause inflammation and mobilize cells to control infection. Vaccinia ...

Axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA) encompasses a group of closely related chronic inflammatory conditions which primarily affect the lumbar spine. The prototypic presentation of the disease is ankylosing spondylitis, which ...

Retinal degenerative diseases, such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), represent a leading cause of incurable blindness worldwide. RP is a genetically inherited retinal degeneration ...

Sleep is a key component of health and wellbeing for both adults and infants and has implications for daytime functioning and quality of life. Infants' sleep patterns in the first two years involve unpredictable, short ...

Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is associated with hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance and a high lifetime risk of developing type-2 diabetes mellitus. While many dietary interventions have been tested ...

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a culturally pervasive and often treatment resistant disorder. Stress is a major trigger for relapse in AUD. Allostasis in response to stress is governed by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal ...

Background: While World Rugby guidelines do not mandate the inclusion of an electrocardiogram (ECG) for all players, this is required for entry into international rugby competitions. We, therefore, sought to describe ...

Pain causes distress and can negatively impact a child’s experience of the hospital environment. It is best practice for pain relief to be administered as soon as possible to reduce stress, anxiety and discomfort. Research ...

Rett syndrome (RTT) is a devastating neurodevelopmental disorder without effective treatments. Attempts at developing targetted therapies have been relatively unsuccessful, at least in part, because the genotypical and ...

Rett syndrome (RTT) is rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutations in the MECP2 gene that encodes methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2), a DNA-binding protein with roles in epigenetic regulation of gene expression. ...