Biochemistry: Recent submissions
Now showing items 101-120 of 1067
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Single cell analysis of iNKT cell heterogeneity, phenotype, and function
(Trinity College Dublin. School of Biochemistry & Immunology. Discipline of Biochemistry, 2022)Innate T cells, including CD1d-restricted invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, are characterized by their rapid activation in response to non-peptide antigens, such as lipids. While the transcriptional profiles of ... -
The role of tissue-resident memory T cells in immunity to Bordetella pertussis
(Trinity College Dublin. School of Biochemistry & Immunology. Discipline of Biochemistry, 2022)Whooping cough (pertussis) is a severe respiratory disease cause by the Gram-negative bacterium Bordetella pertussis. Despite high vaccine coverage, a resurgence of pertussis has been observed over recent years. Although ... -
Tumour derived microRNA-21 reprograms macrophage responses
(Trinity College Dublin. School of Biochemistry & Immunology. Discipline of Biochemistry, 2022)The role of the oncogenic yet anti-inflammatory microRNA-21 (miR-21) in the tumour microenvironment (TME) is not clearly defined, despite its upregulation in many cancers. Since re-education of macrophages by tumour derived ... -
Re-evaluating the Role of SARM1 as a Transcriptional Regulator Using Improved Genome-Edited Mouse Models
(Trinity College Dublin. School of Biochemistry & Immunology. Discipline of Biochemistry, 2022)SARM1 is an ancient and highly conserved protein, initially described as having functions in innate immunity. In the last decade, our understanding of SARM1 structure and function expanded rapidly. The majority of research ... -
EVOLUTIONARY PRINCIPLES IN HUMAN CANCER IMMUNOLOGY
The immune system plays a fundamental role in driving the evolution of malignant cells. The anti-tumour immune response removes immunogenic tumour cells and preserves immune evasive cells. A clinically detectable tumour ... -
A Bioenergetics Study of Mitochondrial Function in Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages
(Trinity College Dublin. School of Biochemistry & Immunology. Discipline of Biochemistry, 2022)Mitochondria are organelles involved in the generation of ATP, storage of intracellular calcium ions, regulation of the apoptotic pathway as well as numerous cell signalling pathways. Moreover, mitochondria are an important ... -
Modulation of hepatic autophagy for therapeutic correction of type 2 diabetes
(Trinity College Dublin. School of Biochemistry & Immunology. Discipline of Biochemistry, 2022)Glucagon is produced from pancreatic α-cells to control hepatic glucose production and glucose homeostasis. Hyperglycaemia is an early hallmark of type 2 diabetes, and therefore hepatic glucose production can contribute ... -
The human adaptor SARM negatively regulates adaptor protein TRIF-dependent Toll-like receptor signalling
(2006)Toll-like receptors discriminate between different pathogen-associated molecules and activate signaling cascades that lead to immune responses. The specificity of Toll-like receptor signaling occurs by means of adaptor ... -
The role of Colony Stimulating Factor 1 Receptor in microglial phenotype and function in vitro and in vivo
(Trinity College Dublin. School of Biochemistry & Immunology. Discipline of Biochemistry, 2022)As the brain ages multiple cellular processes become less efficient leading to a decline in cognitive and other functions, and in many cases giving rise to chronic neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s Disease ... -
PATHOGENIC PROTEIN AGGREGATION IN VIVO AND IN VITRO
(Trinity College Dublin. School of Biochemistry & Immunology. Discipline of Biochemistry, 2022)Neurodegenerative disorders (ND) such as Alzheimer?s disease (AD), Parkinson?s disease (PD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are one of the leading causes of death and disabilities worldwide. While their aetiologies ... -
Exploration of a novel class of HO-1 inducers as potential therapeutics for inflammatory disease
(Trinity College Dublin. School of Biochemistry & Immunology. Discipline of Biochemistry, 2022)Autoimmune and inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are characterised by excessive and uncontrolled inflammation. Most of these ... -
Innate resistance to hepatitis C virus infection in the Irish anti-D cohort
(Trinity College Dublin. School of Biochemistry & Immunology. Discipline of Biochemistry, 2022)Even within homogenous populations, outcome following exposure to a virus can vary substantially. This continuum of infection outcome spans viral resistance, spontaneous resolution and chronic infection, with further ... -
A study of bioenergetics and mitochondrial function in Cytotoxic T cell subsets
(Trinity College Dublin. School of Biochemistry & Immunology. Discipline of Biochemistry, 2022)CD8 T cell fate and function have been linked to specific metabolic programs. T effector (T eff) and T memory (T mem) cells engage mitochondrial metabolism to different extents, as recognised by stark differences in ... -
Nrf2 activation reprograms macrophage intermediary metabolism and suppresses the type I interferon response
(2022)To overcome oxidative, inflammatory, and metabolic stress, cells have evolved cytoprotective protein networks controlled by nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its negative regulator, Kelch-like ECH ... -
Signaling metabolite L-2-hydroxyglutarate activates the transcription factor HIF-1α in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages
(2022)Activated macrophages undergo metabolic reprogramming, which not only supports their energetic demands but also allows for the production of specific metabolites that function as signaling molecules. Several Krebs cycles, ... -
The role of itaconate in host defense and inflammation
(2022)Macrophages exposed to inflammatory stimuli including LPS undergo metabolic reprogramming to facilitate macrophage effector function. This metabolic reprogramming supports phagocytic function, cytokine release, and ROS ... -
Choice of SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic test: challenges and key considerations for the future
(2022)A plethora of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) diagnostic tests are available, each with different performance specifications, detection methods, and targets. This narrative review aims to ... -
The peripheral cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) as a molecular target for modulating body weight in man
(2021)The cannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptor regulates appetite and body weight; however, unwanted central side effects of both agonists (in wasting disorders) or antagonists (in obesity and diabetes) have limited their therapeutic ... -
The role of dietary fat in anti-tumour immunity
(Trinity College Dublin. School of Biochemistry & Immunology. Discipline of Biochemistry, 2022)Obesity increases the risk of many cancers and impairs immunosurveillance. However, little is known about whether the type of dietary fat affects tumour growth and anti-tumour immune responses. Here, we show that a ... -
Potential Role of Flavivirus NS2B-NS3 Proteases in Viral Pathogenesis and Anti-flavivirus Drug Discovery Employing Animal Cells and Models: A Review
(2022)Flaviviruses are known to cause a variety of diseases in humans in different parts of the world. There are very limited numbers of antivirals to combat flavivirus infection, and therefore new drug targets must be explored. ...
