Biochemistry (Scholarly Publications): Recent submissions
Now showing items 121-140 of 734
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Sestrins inhibit mTORC1 kinase activation through the GATOR complex.
(2014)The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) kinase is a sensor of different environmental conditions and regulator of cell growth, metabolism, and autophagy. mTORC1 is activated by Rag GTPases, working as RagA:RagB ... -
p53 target genes sestrin1 and sestrin2 connect genotoxic stress and mTOR signaling
(2008)The tumor suppressor p53 is activated upon genotoxic and oxidative stress and in turn inhibits cell proliferation and growth through induction of specific target genes. Cell growth is positively regulated by mTOR, whose ... -
Sestrins Link Tumor Suppressors with the AMPK -TOR Signaling Network
(InTech, 2012)The strength of the mechanisms involved in the control of health and lifespan determines the rate of aging in any organism. Aging is fueled by the accumulation of damage in a multitude of tissues, causing many age-related ... -
Sestrin prevents muscle atrophy from disuse and aging by integrating anabolic and catabolic signals.
(2020)A unique property of skeletal muscle is its ability to adapt its mass to changes in activity. Inactivity, as in disuse or aging, causes atrophy, the loss of muscle mass and strength, leading to physical incapacity and ... -
p53-inducible SESTRINs might play opposite roles in the regulation of early and late stages of lung carcinogenesis.
(2019)SESTRINs (SESN1-3) are proteins encoded by an evolutionarily conserved gene family that plays an important role in the regulation of cell viability and metabolism in response to stress. Many of the effects of SESTRINs are ... -
NK Cell Metabolism and TGFβ – Implications for Immunotherapy
(2019)NK cells are innate lymphocytes which play an essential role in protection against cancer and viral infection. Their functions are dictated by many factors including the receptors they express, cytokines they respond to ... -
Suppression of Natural Killer cell NKG2D and CD226 anti-tumour cascades by platelet cloaked cancer cells: Implications for the metastatic cascade
(2019)Tumour cell immune evasion is a principal hallmark of successful metastasis. Tumour cells in the vasculature adopt a platelet cloak that efficiently suppresses the innate immune system by directly inhibiting Natural Killer ... -
A novel vaccine strategy employing serologically different chimpanzee adenoviral vectors for the prevention of HIV-1 and HCV coinfection
(2019)Background: Nearly 3 million people worldwide are coinfected with HIV and HCV. Affordable strategies for prevention are needed. We developed a novel vaccination regimen involving replication-defective and serologically ... -
Phosphorylation of Beta-3 adrenergic receptor at serine 247 by ERK MAP kinase drives lipolysis in obese adipocytes
(2018)Objective: The inappropriate release of free fatty acids from obese adipose tissue stores has detrimental effects on metabolism, but key molecular mechanisms controlling FFA release from adipocytes remain undefined. ... -
5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) deficiency causes impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance coincident with an attenuation of mitochondrial function in aged mice
(2018)In vertebrates, the initial step in heme biosynthesis is the production of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) by ALA synthase (ALAS). ALA formation is believed to be the rate-limiting step for cellular heme production. Recently, ... -
Minimum information about T regulatory cells: A step toward reproducibility and standardization
(2018)Cellular therapies with CD4+ T regulatory cells (Tregs) hold promise of efficacious treatment for the variety of autoimmune and allergic diseases as well as posttransplant complications. Nevertheless, current manufacturing ... -
Immunometabolism and Natural Killer cell responses
(2019)Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes with important roles in innate and adaptive immune responses to tumours and viral infection. However, in certain chronic diseases, including obesity and cancer, NK cell functional ... -
Toll-like receptor 3 L412F polymorphism promotes a persistent clinical phenotype in pulmonary sarcoidosis.
(2018)Background/Introduction: Sarcoidosis is a multi-systemic disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by the presence of non-caseating granulomas in target organs. In 90% of cases, there is thoracic involvement. Fifty to ... -
Harnessing poxviral know-how for anti-cytokine therapies
(2019)Poxviruses have evolved efficient proteins that bind mammalian cytokines and chemokines to suppress host immunity. HerePontejoet al.examine in detail how one such poxviral protein,CrmD, that has activity against both ... -
Non-canonical Activation of the DNA Sensing Adaptor STING by ATM and IFI16 Mediates NF-κB Signaling after Nuclear DNA Damage.
(2018)DNA damage can be sensed as a danger-associated molecular pattern by the innate immune system. Here we find that keratinocytes and other human cells mount an innate immune response within hours of etoposide-induced DNA ... -
Toll-like receptor 2-dependent endosomal signaling by Staphylococcus aureus in monocytes induces type i interferon and promotes intracellular survival
(2019)Pathogen activation of innate immune pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) stimulates cellular signaling pathways. This often leads to outcomes that contribute to pathogen clearance. ... -
Structure-activity relationships, biological evaluation and structural studies of novel pyrrolonaphthoxazepines as antitumor agents
(2019)Microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) are a class of clinically successful anti-cancer drugs. The emergence of multidrug resistance to MTAs imposes the need for developing new MTAs endowed with diverse mechanistic properties. ... -
Disease associated particulates and joint inflammation; mechanistic insights and therapeutic targets
(2018)It is now well established that intra-articular deposition of endogenous particulates, such as osteoarthritis-associated basic calcium phosphate crystals, gout-associated monosodium urate crystals, and calcium deposition ... -
Intra-articular Basic Calcium Phosphate and Monosodium Urate Crystals Inhibit anti-osteoclastogenic Cytokine Signalling
(2016)Objective: Basic calcium phosphate (BCP) and monosodium urate (MSU) crystals are particulates with potent pro-inflammatory effects, associated with osteoarthritis (OA) and gout, respectively. Bone erosion, due to increased ...
