Physiology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 121-140 of 246
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Short-term exercise as a cognitive enhancer : an investigation of the underlying mechanisms
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2012)Physical exercise is one of the most potent and effective cognitive enhancers we know. Unequivocal evidence in both humans and animals has shown that exercise can induce robust and consistent improvements in performance ... -
Evaluation of polarising stimuli on bone marrow-derived macrophage phenotypes in two models of neuroinflammation
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2014)Inflammatory changes in the brain have been observed with aging and in neurodegenerative disorders, and these are believed to be associated with the accompanying decline in cognitive function. Recent evidence has suggested ... -
Identification of novel proteins regulating pael-receptor function
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2011)Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that causes a wide range of debilitating symptoms. The Parkin associated endothelin like receptor (PAEL-R), originally called GRP37, belongs to the family ... -
Modulation of microglial phenotypes by CD200
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2012)Microglia are the principal immune cells of the CNS continually surveying their micro-environment for endogenous and exogenous stimuli which may threaten the immunological balance. Recent studies have suggested that activated ... -
The analysis of the modulatory effect of rosiglitazone on glial cells in vitro and in vivo
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2010)Microglial activation is believed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases. This study focussed on assessing the role of rosiglitazone as an anti-inflammatory agent ... -
The role of parkin-picki in mithchondrial dysfunction
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2012)Autosomal Recessive Juvenile Parkinsonism (ARJP) is the most common motor-related neurodegenerative disease, which occurs in young adults between 20-40 years of age. Mutations in the parkin (PARK2) gene are associated ARJP, ... -
Noradrenaline acting on astrocytic β-adrenoceptors enhances neuronal complexity in primary cortical neurons
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2012)The complex structure of a neuron, comprising of an axon and dendrites (collectively termed neurites), is integral to the formation of functional networks in the central nervous system during development and after injury. ... -
The use of water immersion as a recovery intervention following high-intensity excercise : an investigation of the physiological and performance effects
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2012)Despite the lack of a clear scientific basis for its usage, cold water immersion (CWI) and contrast water therapy (CWT) are commonly used recovery interventions in elite sport. Anecdotally, a number of theoretical benefits ... -
The effect of carbohydrate-protein and carbohydrate beverages on subsequent exercise capacity and hormonal markers of recovery
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2012)Recovery requires the restoration of physiological and psychological mechanisms and is heavily influenced by the availability and actions of specific hormones and nutrients (Mujika et al., 1996; Kraemer et al., 1998; Filaire ... -
The modulation of microglia by astrocytes : a role for CD200
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2012)Glial cell activation is believed to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, impairing neuronal function and ultimately leading to cognitive decline. Epidemiological studies have advocated ... -
Anti-inflammatory effects of Single-Ig Interleukin-1 (IL-1)-related receptor (SIGIRR) in the brain : interaction with IL-1F5
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2009)It is well established that inflammatory changes in the brain are associated with ageing and neurodegenerative disorders. Central to these changes is activation of microglial cells with the accompanying increases in the ... -
Analysis of the effect of different protocols of amyloid-beta treatment in the rat hippocampus
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2008)Among the main characteristic features of AD is upregulation of inflammatory activities, increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and activation of microglia. Associated with dementia is the damage and loss of ... -
An investigation of the effects of exercise on hippocampal function in young, middle-aged and aged rats
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2008)The hippocampus is a brain structure that is important for higher cognitive functions, possesses a high degree of plasticity, and is particularly vulnerable to the aging process (Burke & Barnes, 2006). Symptoms of hippocampal ... -
Interaction of T cells and glia in the central nervous system
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2009)The central nervous system (CNS) was thought of as an immune privileged site, however, it is now known that the CNS is neither isolated nor passive in its interaction with the immune system. Diseases such as multiple ... -
Analysis of the pro-and anti-inflammatory signalling in the aged hippocampus : effect of dexamethasone and vitamin D3
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2006)The objectives of this study were to establish the cellular events and alterations in signalling associated with ageing and to determine the effectiveness of two anti¬inflammatory agents, dexamethasone and vitamin D3 in ... -
Analysis of the effects of amyloid-beta in rat brain : effect of treatment with a novel anti-inflammatory agent VP025
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2008)The data presented indicate that long-term potentiation was significantly impaired following acute intracerebroventricular injection of amyloid-β1-40 in rat. Similarly chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of ... -
The role of the lysosomal system in beta amyloid 1-40-mediated neurodegeneration in cultured cortical neurons
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2007)β-amyloid (Aβ1-40) is a component of the senile plaques found in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). There is evidence that Aβ mediates its apoptotic effect through release of lysosomal proteases to the cytosol with subsequent ... -
Noradrenergic modulation of the central nervous system immune response : a critical role for the Beta-adrenoceptor
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2008)Evidence suggests that inflammation is a significant contributor to pathology in a number of neurodegenerative disease states. In this regard, the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) plays a key role in ... -
An investigation into the role of neurotrophins in the effect of exercise on cognitive function in humans and rats
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2009)Physical exercise is associated with maintenance of cognitive function, including a decreased risk of Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia. Candidate mediators of the effect of exercise on cognitive function are ...
