Physiology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 221-240 of 246
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Age-related neuroinflammatory changes negatively impact on neuronal function.
(2010)Neuroinflammatory changes, characterized by an increase in microglial activation and often accompanied by upregulation of inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-1? (IL-1?), are common to many, if not all, neurodegenerative ... -
Fractalkine-induced activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase pathway attentuates microglial activation in vivo and in vitro.
(2009)Several neurodegenerative disorders are associated with evidence of inflammation, one feature of which is increased activation of microglia, the most likely cellular source of inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-1b. ... -
Bimodal magnetic-fluorescent nanostructures for biomedical applications
(2009)Magnetite-based polyelectrolyte-coated nanostructures were fabricated and the potential for biomedical application assessed in mixed glial cell cultures with nanostructure cellular internalization, cytotoxicty and contribution ... -
SIGIRR modulates the inflammatory response in the brain
(Elsevier, 2010)One of the more recently described members of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor family, single-Ig-Interleukin-1 related receptor (SIGIRR), has been identified as a negative regulator of inflammation in several tissues. ... -
The age- and amyloid-beta-related increases in Nogo B contribute to microglial activation
(2011)The family of reticulons include 3 isoforms of the Nogo protein, Nogo A, Nogo B and Nogo C. Nogo A is expressed on neuronal tissue and its primary effect is widely acknowledged to be inhibition of neurite outgrowth. Although ... -
Noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors limit neuroinflammation in rat cortex following a systemic inflammatory challenge: implications for depression and neurodegeneration.
(Cambridge University Press, 2009)Evidence suggests that noradrenaline has a tonic anti-inflammatory action in the central nervous system (CNS) via its ability to suppress microglial and astrocytic activation, and inhibit production of inflammatory mediators. ... -
Neuroprotective actions of eicosapentaenoic acid on lipopolysaccharide-induced dysfunction in rat hippocampus
(Wiley & Sons, 2004)Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) protects hippocampus from age-related and irradiation-induced changes that lead to impairment in synaptic function; the evidence suggests that this is due to its anti-inflammatory effects, ... -
Tissue Engineering of Cartilage; Can Cannabinoids Help?
(2010)This review discusses the role of the cannabinoid system in cartilage tissue and endeavors to establish if targeting the cannabinoid system has potential in mesenchymal stem cell based tissue-engineered cartilage repair ... -
Amyloid beta protein dimer-containing human CSF disrupts synaptic plasticity: prevention by systemic passive immunization.
(2008)The current development of immunotherapy for Alzheimer's disease is based on the assumption that human-derived amyloid beta protein (Abeta) can be targeted in a similar manner to animal cell-derived or synthetic Abeta. ... -
Extrasynaptic NR2D-containing NMDARs are recruited to the synapse during LTP of NMDAR-EPSCs
(2008)Long-term potentiation of NMDA-receptor-mediated synaptic transmission (NMDAR-LTP) is a little-understood form of plasticity. In the present study, we investigated whether NMDAR-LTP in the dentate gyrus involves recruitment ... -
Noradrenaline acting at beta-adrenoceptors induces expression of IL-1beta and its negative regulators IL-1ra and IL-1RII, and drives an overall anti-inflammatory phenotype in rat cortex
(2010)Evidence indicates that noradrenaline elicits anti-inflammatory actions in the central nervous system (CNS), and plays a neuroprotective role where inflammatory events contribute to pathology. Here we examined the ability ... -
The anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin (IL)-10, blocks the inhibatory effect of IL-1 beta on long term potentiation - a role for JNK
(2001)Several effects of the proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1? (IL-1?), have been described in the central nervous system, and one area of the brain where marked changes have been reported is the hippocampus. Among these ... -
Whole-cell but not acellular pertussis vaccines induce convulsive activity in mice: evidence of a role for toxin-induced interleukin-1 beta in a new murine model for analysis of neuronal side effects of vaccination
(American Society for Microbiology, 2001)Immunization with the whole-cell pertussis vaccine (Pw), while effective at preventing whooping cough in infants, has been associated with local, systemic, and neuronal reactions, including fevers and convulsions in children. ... -
Activation of p38 plays a pivotal role in the inhibitory effect of lipopolysaccharide and interleukin-1beta-induced inhibition of long-term potentiation in rat dentate gyrus
(2003)Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria, has been shown to induce profound changes both peripherally and centrally. It has recently been reported that intraperitoneal injection of ... -
Role of interleukin-4 in regulation of age-related inflammatory changes in the hippocampus.
(The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2005)It is well documented that long term potentiation (LTP) is impaired in the hippocampus of the aged animal. Among the changes that contribute to this impairment is an increase in hippocampal concentration of the pro-inflammatory ... -
CD200 ligand receptor interaction modulates microglial activation in vivo and in vitro: a role for IL-4.
(Society for Neuroscience, 2007)Deficits in cognitive function are associated with neuroinflammatory changes, typified by activation of glial cells and an alteration of the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine balance in the brain. Although there is ... -
Physiological changes following a 12 week gym based stair-climbing, elliptical trainer and treadmill running program in females
(Minerva Medica, 2004)Despite the growing popularity of the elliptical trainer aerobic exercise modality the physiological changes induced following a training program using elliptical trainers remains unknown. Donne investigates the metabolic ... -
Effect of body tilt on calf muscle performance and blood flow in humans
(American Physiological Society, 2005)To explore the effect of posture on muscle performance, we tested the effects of body tilt angle on the strength, endurance, and fatigue of, and blood flow into, the plantar flexors. Human subjects were fixed to a tilt ... -
System for performance measures of predictive grip in a dynamic haptic environment
(2004)Virtual environments provide a powerful means of experimentally examining object manipulation. In object manipulation a key issue is the coor- dination of grip force used to stabilize the object in the presence of load ... -
The relationship of medical, demographic and psychosocial factors to direct and indirect health utility instruments in rheumatoid arthritis.
(2006)Cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) is essential for the comparison of treatments for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). CEA centres on accurate measurement of health utility (HU) preferences. Direct measures of HU in RA patients ...
