Browsing Physiology (Theses and Dissertations) by Date of Publication
Now showing items 1-20 of 108
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The effects of group II mGluR agonists on short-term depression and neutral coding in the rat dentate gyrus in vitro
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2000)Short-term depression is an activity-dependent reduction in synaptic efficacy which has been observed at a wide variety of synapses in the CNS, and is often attributed to a depletion of the available store of neurotransmitter. ... -
The role of Ca²+ and metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in the induction of synaptic plasticity in the rat dentate gyrus in vitro
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2000)This thesis is about the investigation of some properties of synaptic plasticity in the rat dentate gyrus in vitro. For the experiments brain slices were cut from unanaesthetized rats aged between 3 and 5 weeks. Extracellular ... -
A role for IL-1B in oxidative stress-mediated neuronal impairment
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2000)The aims of this study were to; (1) investigate age-related changes in the antioxidant defence system in the rat cortex and hippocampus; (2) investigate the role of IL-1β in influencing oxidative stress in brain tissue of ... -
Endothelial physiology in young cigareete smokers : a multifunctional analysis of the effect of taurine supplementation
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2000)The aim of this thesis is to determine the impact of cigarette smoking on endothelial dependent integration of the cardiovascular haemodynamic and barrier functions. Considering the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and ... -
A study of transsynaptic signalling in the hippocampus : a role for nerve growth factor?
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2001)Long-term potentiation (LTP) is perhaps the best described form of synaptic plasticity. This project aimed to investigate the role that tyrosine kinases play in the expression of LTP in dentate gyrus-granule cell synapses ... -
Effects of acute and chronic exercise on autonomic cardiovascular control and endothelial function in young and older healthy male subjects
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2002)Exercise training is known to reduce resting blood pressure ; however, the underlying mechanisms have yet to be fully elucidated. The main objective of this thesis was to investigate the effects of exercise in two parameters ... -
An investigation into the roles played by interleukin-1Beta and reactive oxygen species in the rat brain during ageing
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2002)Ageing is associated with an increase in reactive oxygen species production and an increase in the concentration of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β in the hippocampus. These have both been shown to have ... -
A study of the role of neurotrophins in the mechanisms underlying the expression of long-term potentiation in the dentate gyrus
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2002)Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a well-described form of synaptic plasticity. This study set out to investigate the role that tyrosine kinase plays in the expression of LTP at the perforant path-granule cell synapses of ... -
An investigation into the effect of A beta on cultured cortical neurons
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2003)Accumulation of the endogenously produced beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptide in senile plaques is involved in the development of Alzheimer’s disease. This study reports on potential molecular mechanisms underlying the cell death ... -
Mechanism of inhibition of LTP induction by preconditioning stimulation in the rat dentate gyrus in vitro
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2003)The modulation of synaptic plasticity (LTP) by prior synaptic activity represented by preconditioning stimulation (weak HFS) was investigated in the medial perforant pathway of the dentate gyrus in vitro. The inhibition ... -
Influence of hormonal status, ageing and smoking on autonomic cardiovascular control and endothelial function
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2004)Ageing, hypertension and smoking are known risk factors for cardiovascular disease. By contrast female sex hormones are known to have cardioprotective qualities ; however, their underlying mechanisms of action have yet to ... -
Ischaemia-reperfusion-induced renal injury : pathogenesis & modulation implications for transplantation
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2004)Ischaemia-reperfusion is unavoidable during transplantation, but may promote allograft rejection. Preconditioning with a sub-lethal stress protects cells against a subsequent otherwise lethal stress, possibly through the ... -
Analysis of the interaction between neurotrophins and cytokines with age
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2004)Aging is associated with an increase in the concentration of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β in the hippocampus and cortex. This has been shown to have deleterious effects on the brain and specifically on a ... -
An investigation into the cellular and molecular signalling events which occur in [Beta]-amyloid-treated cultured cortical neurons
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2004)Deposition of β-amyloid around neurons is a neuropathological hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying β-amyloid-mediated cell death in ... -
Characterisation of LTP induced by multiple spaced 200 Hz protocol in the rat dentate gyrus in vitro
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2004)Long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus is believed to be a cellular correlate of learning and memory in the mammalian brain. Four different highfrequency stimulation (HFS) protocols were developed which induced ... -
Effects of smoking and ageing on cardiovascular function
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2004)Ageing and smoking have both been identified as important risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim of these studies was to investigate the effects of ageing and smoking on autonomic and endothelial ... -
The effect of posture on muscle endurance, fatigue and blood flow
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2005)Tilting the body from the supine to an upright position increases the time on a maximal graded cycle test by -1 5 % . However, this effect during constant-load cycling is unknown, and in addition, it is also unknown if ... -
An investigation of oxidative stress in skeletal muscle
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2005)Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced as a by-product of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria and via various cellular enzyme systems. ROS production is buffered by cellular antioxidant defences, which include ... -
An investigation of the effect of Tetrahydrocannabinol on the viability of cortical neurons
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2005)Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the principle psychoactive component of marijuana (Cannabis sativa), elicits diverse psychological effects in humans. THC exerts its central effects through the CB1 cannabinoid receptor, a ... -
Effect of amyloid beta-peptide on synaptic plasticity in the Hippocampus in vitro
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2005)Alzheimer's disease, the cause of one of the most common types of dementia, is a brain disorder affecting the elderly and is characterized by the formation of two main protein aggregates: senile plaques and neurofibrillary ...
