Physiology (Theses and Dissertations): Recent submissions
Now showing items 41-60 of 102
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Investigating the role of fractalkine an S1P receptors on oxidative stress in the CNS
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2016)Scientific Abstract: The fractalkine ligand (CX3CL1) is a unique chemokine that is synthesised as a transmembrane protein. One of the unique features of fractalkine is its ability to exist as both a membrane tethered ... -
An Investigation of Inflammatory and Metabolic Blood-Based Biomarkers of Cognitive Decline
(Trinity College Dublin. School of Medicine. Discipline of Physiology, 2018)Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other dementias a re the main cause of cognitive impairment in older adults. AD is fast becoming a global epidemic, yet the development of a ... -
Pulmonary oxygen uptake and muscle deoxygenation responses during ramp incremental exercise and moderate- and heavy-intensity exercise subsequent to priming exercise in type 2 diabetes.
(Trinity College Dublin. School of Medicine. Discipline of Physiology, 2017)Middle-aged and young individuals with uncomplicated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) consistently demonstrate impairments in submaximal and maximal exercise performance, which are independent of obesity, and present in the ... -
The signalling and function of EB12 in the central nervous system
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2014)The four major brain-specific cell types in the brain are; (i) neurons, which transmit and process information via electrical signals, (ii) oligodendrocytes, which insulate neuronal axons with fatty sheets called myelin ... -
The modulation of S1P receptor signalling and demyelination
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2014)Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors are a family of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) that consists of five subtypes (S1PR1-5). These receptors have emerged as therapeutic targets in multiple sclerosis (MS) due to the ... -
Interactions between endocannabinoids and neurotrophins in adult neurogenesis : implications for spatial memory
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2014)The cellular mechanisms underlying learning and memory have yet to be fully elucidated. Over the past fifteen years there has been a dramatic increase in the study of adult neurogenesis; a process in which neurons are ... -
Investigating the role of inflammation in schizophrenia
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2013)Schizophrenia is a psychiatric illness that has more recently been described as a neurodevelopment disorder. The cause of this disorder is currently unknown and likely involves both genetic and environmental factors. Several ... -
Rodent models of immunologically induced-depression and anxiety related behaviour and associated biomarkers
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2014)A series of rodent animal models of immune activation were assessed to develop an understanding of interactions between the immune system and brain leading to changes in behaviour and the determination of biomarkers of ... -
Neuroimmune activation in arthritic and neuropathic low back pain : implications for interventional therapies
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2014)Chronic pain involves a progressive disturbance of mood, sleep and physical function, with significant medical, social and economic consequences. The mechanism by which acute pain may become chronic and refractory to ... -
An investigation of oxidative stress in skeletal muscle
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2005)Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced as a by-product of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria and via various cellular enzyme systems. ROS production is buffered by cellular antioxidant defences, which include ... -
Beta₂-adrenoceptors as modulators of glial immune function
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2009)The endogenous anti-inflammatory and neurotrophic effects of noradrenahne are mediated by β2-adrenoceptors on astrocytes and microglia in the central nervous system (CNS). Notably, clinical studies demonstrate that ... -
The effect of ageing and gender on calf vascular conductance and fatigue during plantar flexion excercise
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2012)Background: Ageing is a complex multifaceted process, which ultimately results in a reduction in neuromuscular function and exercise tolerance. A reduced vasodilatory function and a slower rate of increase in blood flow ... -
Investigation into possible modulators of microglial activation
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2010)Ageing is associated with an increase in inflammatory changes and a decline in biological function, inflammatory changes in the brain are primarily the result of activated microglia, the immune cells of the brain, and it ... -
Investigating the function of Sorting Nexin 8 and chemokines in Niemann Pick Type C disease
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2013)It was shown that SNX8 (sorting nexin 8), a member of the sorting nexin super-family, plays a role In regulating the SREBP pathway (sterol regulatory element binding protein) of cholesterol homeostasis. Members of the SNX ... -
The influence of age on cyclic tensile strain-induced differentiation and apoptosis in mesenchymal stem cells
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2012)Mesenchymal stem cells, or MSCs, are adult progenitor cells capable of differentiating into specialised skeletal cells such as chondrocytes, osteocytes and adipocytes. Under the appropriate conditions, these cells can be ... -
An evaluation of acute excercise as a cognitive enhancer : assessment of underlying mechanisms
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2013)Human and rodent studies demonstrate that physical exercise targets many aspects of brain function and has positive effects on overall brain health. The majority of studies published in this field focus on long-term exercise ... -
The influence of cannabinoid CB₂ receptor on the viability of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2010)Adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a multipotent population of stem cells that can differentiate along the osteogenic, chondrogenic or adipogenic lineages under the appropriate bio-chemical stimuli. Musculoskeletal ... -
The effect of exercise on the dynamic responses of oxygen uptake and leg vascular conductance in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2010)People with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) suffer from exercise impairment which is characterised by a reduced peak exercise capacity (VO2 peak)- In order to better understand the aetiology of the exercise impairment in ... -
Beta₂-adrenoceptor modulation of the inflammatory response induced by thrombin and amyloid-beta in glial cells
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2010)Thrombin is a blood protein that leaks into the brain parenchyma when the blood- brain barrier is damaged, and has been implicated in the neuropathology associated with stroke, traumatic brain injury and Parkinson’s disease ... -
The effect of exercise on leg vascular conductance and oxygen uptake kinetics, and endothelial and inflammatory function in women with type 2 diabetes
(Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of Physiology, 2012)Individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) show a reduced maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 peak) in comparison to age, BMI, and activity matched non-diabetic (ND) controls. In addition, the dynamic responses of VO2 (VO2 kinetics) ...